LODRA

Lodhra

Introduction:-

In Rgveda ‘Lodha’ is described and it is Lodhra according to p.v.sharmaji.Probably the bark which is red in colour is the reason for the later commentator’s description ‘Rakta varna’ for this tree/bark (p.u.Bhoja2/3/29)

Caraka described this tree with name ‘Rodhra’ only twice (C.S. so ¾&9).But he extensively quoted lodhra for gradi effect and sandhara effect.

Susruta and vagbhata have quoted the two varities of Rodhra (Rodhra yugma (or) Rodhra dwaya) Viz Rodhra (Red variety) or Rodhra/Sveta Rodhr(White variety)(S.S.ci17/10&12 A.H.SO.15/41& A.H.ci 8/109)

Vagbhata specifically indicated the white variety of Rodhra for treatment of eye diseases(A.h.ut.34/4)

Thakuji consides this variety as ‘Tilaka’.

Ganas:-

Caraka: Sonithasthapana ,Sandhaniya

Purisa Sangrahaniya,Kasaya Skandha.

Susruta: Lodhradi, Nyrodhdi.

Vagbhata: Rodhra, Nyagrodhadi.

Nigantus:-

Sodhla:Chandanadi

Dhanvantri:Chandanadi

Bhavaprakasa:haritakyadi

Raja:Pippalayadi

Kaiyadera:Osadhi

Madanapala:Albhayadi

Raja Vallabha:Nanou Sadhi

Vastu Guna Prakisika:Lodhrad

Adash: Rodhra

Types:-

Lodhra 2 types

1.Sabara(Swetha Lodhra)

2.Patika(Rakta Lodhra)

Acc to Adarsh nigantu:-

Lodhra 2 types

1.Lodhra

2.Patani

Acc to Raja nigantu:-

Lodhra 2 types

1.Lodhra

2.Valka Rodhra

Acc to Dhanvatri nigantu:-

Lodhra 2 types

1.Lodhra

2.Kramuka

SYNONYMS:-

Acc to J.L.N. Sastry:-

→ Aksibhaisajya

→Kandahina

→Bhilli.

→Rodhra

→Sthula

→Nayanousadha

→Tilvaka

→Tirita

→Kakakila

→Hasti Lodhraka

Acc to Adarsa nigantu:-

→Rodhra

→Lodhra

→Aksibhaisajya

→Tirita

→Galab

→Galavashshe

→Marjanah

→Dvitiyah

→Rumukh

→Patikakya Patti

→Laksha Prasadana

Acc to Sodhala nigantu:-

→Lodhra

→Rodhra

→Tilvaka

→Tirita

→Sabaraka

→Taru

→Kakakela

→Chilli

→Sabara padpa

→Hasti Lodhra

→Hema puspha

→Vajra

→madhu puspha

Acc to Madhanapala nigantu:-

→Lodhra

→Tirita

→Kanina

→Tilaka

→Santhathodhbava

→Chilakvala

→Akshi Bheshaja

Acc to Raja nigantu:-

→Lodhra

→Rodhra

→Bhillataru

→Chillaka

→Kanda Kelaka

→Tiriti

→Sambara

→Lodhrakayriksa

→Hasti Lodhra

→Tilvaka

→Kanda heena

→Shavara

→Hema pusphaka

→Bhilli

→Kumuka

→Patika

→Rodhra

→Valka Rodhra

→Vruhadala

→Jeerna budra

→Vruhadvaljka

→Jeerna patra

→Akshi Bheshaja

→Savara

→Swetha Lodhra

→Marjana

→Bahalatvak

→Patti

→ Laksha prasadana

Acc to Dhanvantri nigantu:-

→Lodhra

→Sabraka

→Tilaka

→Tiritika

→Kanda heena

→Bhilli

→Kramuka

→Patika Lodhra

→Valka

→Soothlavakala

→Jeernapatra

→Bruhat patra

→Pati

→Laksha prasadhama

Acc to Bhavaprakasa nigantu:-

→Tilvaka

Acc to Kaiyadeva nigantu:-

→Tirita

→Tilavaka

→Kaneena

→Patikapara

→Sweetha Lodhra

→Sabaraka

→Ganatvak

→Akshi Bheshaja

→Jeerna bunda

→Marjana

→Santharodbhava

Acc to Dr.k.Niteswar:-

→Sthulavalkala

→Jeerna patra

→Brihat patra

→Kramuka patti

→Laksha prasadana

REGIONAL NAMES:-

Lodhra,Bodhra – HINDI.

Lodhra -BENGALI

Lodhra -MARATI

Lodhar -GUJARATI

Vellilethi -TAMIL

Lodhuga -TELUGU

Pachetadu -KANADA

Pachouti -MALAYALAM

Symplocos -LATIN

PROPERTIES:-

Name of the book	Rasa	Guna	Virya	Vipaka
Bhava Prakasa Dhanvantri nigantu Madhana Pala nigantu Kaiyadeva nigantu Raja nigantu Adarsa nigantu	Kashaya Kashaya Tikta Kashya Kashaya Kashaya Kashaya	Laghu Laghu Sara Laghu	Seetha Seetha Seetha Seetha Seetha Seetha	Katu Katu Katu Katu

KARMA:-

Acc to Sodhala nignatu:-

Ut Sadhana,Grahi,Vrana Ropana.

Acc to Madhana Pala nigantu:-

Rechana ,Chakshuya,Kapha-Pittahara.

Acc to Raja nigantu:-

Lodhra –vata-Kapha Raktha hara

Valkalodhra-Vata,Kapha Shamaka

Acc to Dhanvantri nigantu:-

Lodhra –Visha nasaka,Gradhi,Kaphaghna

Kramuka-Vata Kapha Shamaka.

Acc to Bhava prakasa nigantu:-

Grahi,Rakta stambaka,Vrana Ropana-

Sodhana,Chakshuya,Kapha Pittahara

Acc to Kaiyadeva nigantu:-

Chakshushya,Kapha Pittahara.

Acc to Dr.Nishteswar:-

Kapha Pittahara,Grahi,Chakshusya.

INTRODUCTION:-

Acc to Dhanvantri nigantu:-

Trsna,Arochakam

Acc to Bhava prakasa nigantu:-

Atisara,Pravhika,Raktisara,Raktapradara

Sweetha pradara,Yakrut Vikara,Jwara,NetraRoga

Acc to Kaiyadeva nigantu:-

Atisara,Rakta pradara,Raktasrava,

Aruchi,Trsna.

Acc to Dr.Nishteswar nigantu:-

Rakta pitta,Atisara,pravahika,Shotha

Jwara,Pradara.

Acc to J.L.N.Sastry:-

Atisara,Akshiroga,Vrana.

THERAPETIC USES;-

Rakta pitta

Decoction of vasa after mixing priangu,earth,

Collyrium,Lodhra,Honey in the same should be taken in Rakta pitta.(c.s.c.4)

In the same way padmaka,lotus statements, durva,astuka,utpala,nagakesare and Lodhra should be given(c.s.c.4).

Usira,Kaliaka,Lodhra,Padmaka,Privangu,

Katphala,Conch and ochre-each taken separately

With equal part of sandal along with sugar

and dissolved in the rice water alleviates quickly

internal haemorrhage,fainting,thirst,&buring sensation(c.s.ci-4).

Kiratatika,Kramuka,Musta,Prapundarika,Kamala

Utpala,hribera,(root)patola(leaves)dura labha,

Parpataka,Lotus stalk,bark of arjuna,Udumbara,

Vetasa,nyagrodha,saleya&yava sakatuga,lata

(durva)nagekesara,tanduliya,sariva,mocarasa,and lajjlu-each separately mixed with sandel may be administered.They collectively as group or separately used

In the form of cold infusion,juice,paste,hot in fusion or diction check the internal haemorrhage(c.s.c.4/72-77)

Water kept with priyangu,candana,Lodhra,

Sariva,Madhuka,Musta,Usira,&dhataki or water

Kept with brick or swastika rice water added with sugar in an excellent haemostatic(c.s.c.4/79-81)

Ghrta cookedwith Samanga(Lajjalu)utpala and Lodhra efficacious in paittika fever and used in internal

Haemorrhage(c.s.ci.4/89-90)

The internal haemorrhage coming out of the nose

Treated some times produce coryza,head diseases blood with pus etc.Then it should be treated with juice of mango

Seed,Lajjalu,dhataki, mocarsa and Lodhra(c.s.c.4)

Kustha:-

Seeds of cakramarda,rock salt,rasanjana,kapittha,

Lodhra Root of white variety karavira,seds of kutaja and

Karaja bark of daruharidra,tender leaves of jati all together make an efficacious paste for allevating kustha.(c.s.c.-7)

The paste of Lodhra,dhataki(flowers),Indrayava

Karanja(seeds)and jati is used as anointing and paste in Kustha(c.s.c.7)

Khadira,Aragvadha,Kakubha,Rohitaka,Lodhra,Kutaja,

Dhava,Nimba,Saptaparna, and Karavira, these are recommened as bath or intake

Cold decoction of Madhuyasti, Lodhra ,Padmaka Patola, nimba,Candana, are useful as bath and intake for the patients of Pittaja Kustha(c.s.c.7)

Shewta Pradara:-

Paste of Lodhra should be taken with decoction of nyagrodha bark.(c.s)

Vrana:-

Long wounds should be pasted with honey and ghee and united evenly and there after bandaged .When they are evenly set powder of Priyangu,Lodhra,Ketphala,healsup.(c.s.c.13)

Kampillaka ,Vidanya, kutaja, Triphata, Bata, Patola,nimba,Lodhra,musta,priyangu,Khadira,Dhataki,

Sarja,eta,aguru,and Candana are pounded together and used for cooking oil .This oil heals wouned(c.s.c.13)

Lodhra,leafbuds of nyagrodha,Khadira,triphata and ghrta.This combination used as paste provides loosness and softness in wound(c.s.c.13)

By powdering the wounds with powder of barks of Katphala ,Udumbara,asvatha ,lodhra ,jambu and Katphala they acquire the skin quickly.(c.s.c.13)

Trsna:-

Application of paste on head with dadima, dadhittha,lodhra ,vidari, and bijapuraka or white mustard mixed with ghee and sour gruel is beneficial in fainting giddiness and thirst(c.s.c.22)

Red Sali 640gm along with lodhra ,madhuka anjana and

Utpata is crushed and put in a easthen vessel in water of cooked unripe added with honey .This is taken asdrink in Paittika Trsna.(c.s.c.22)

Haemorrhage:-

Ext.applitions of lodhra powder act as haemostatic(s.s.su14/36)

Asava of rodhra cures diabetes ,haemorrhids,leucoderma ,leprosy,anorexia,intestinal,worms,Anaemia,disorder of the duodenum and obesity(a.h.c16/25-28)

Eye diseases:-

Disorders of lids:- After anointing with butter paste of white lodhra should be applied.(a.h.u.9-11)

Svetharodhar macerated with dadhimastu should be squeezed to thelid which has been over –scraped.(a.h.u9/136-14)

Svetha rodhra and madhuka are fried in ghee powderd and tied incloth and immersed in breast –milk instilled into the eyes it cures the troubles caused by Pitta and Rakta(a.h.u.16/16)

Decoction of nagara ,triphata ,nimba,Vasa and rodhra powder into the eyes warm is good for abhisyanda of kapha origin.(a.h.u.16)

In unmanifested eyes disease,eye should be dusted externally with the powder f little rock salt put in a cloth-piece.(Cakradatta 59/2)

Bidalaka sabara lodhra or haritaki fried with ghee is applied it alleviates all eye diseases.(Cakradatta59/11)

Paste or powder of lodhra is put with in paste of nimba leaves and heated on fire .The juice exteacted of it is mixed with woman’s milk and used as eye –drop .It is

Good remedy for pitta rakta and vata.(cakradatta59/25)

Lodhra mixed with rock salt is pounded with sour gruel and fried with ghee .It is then put in a clean piece of cloth.The juice pressed is used as eye –drop.It alleviates itching buring sensation and pain.(cakradatta59/30)

Tirita ,triphala,madhuyasti,sarkara and bhadara musta pounded together mixed with cold water should be used as sprinkling which alleviakes Raktabhisyanda(cakradatta 59/32)

Pills made of pulp of lodhra and rock salt put with in the paste of nimba leaves is slightly fired and then wrapped with soft cotton.moistened with sour gruel .It is put on the eyes which pacifies conjunctivitis (cakradatta 59/38)

Sprinkling of eyes with cold decoction of amalaka leves of nimba and Kapitta madhuyasti,lodhra Khadira and tila alleviates all types of corneal diseases.(cakradatta 59/74)

Collyrium made with Hasridra,daruharidra,triphata,lodhra madhuka,rakta,candana these are pounded with bhungaraja is applied morning and night regularly by which all diseases of eye are alleviated such as dhumadarsi and timira.(cakradatta59/227-228)

Acne Pimple:-

In once paste of Lodhra and sphatika should be applied(a.s.s.37/5)

In pimples paste of lodhra ,dhanyaka, and vaca is useful similarly is used marica mixed with gorocana as face –cream.(v.m.57/34)

Paste of lodhra ,dhanyaka and vaca destroys yuvna pidaka(cakradatta55/44-45)

Paste of sarsapa ,vaca,lodhra and saindhava is applied for yuvanapidaka.(cakradatta55/44-45)

Rakta candan, manjistha,kustha,lodhra,priyangu,vata(leaf-bud) and lentils these destroy the Vyanga and increase the luster of face(cakradatta55)

By appling paste of fine powder of dehusked barely ,yasti madhu and lodhra on the face it attains golden hue.

Mukha Roga:-

In diseases of lips cased by medas fomentation is done then it is incised and cleaned followed by cauterization beside priyangu, triphata , lodhra ,mixed wiyh honey should applied as paste.(cakradatta56/7-8)

Kustha ,amalaki,lodhra, musta,samanga,patha katuka,tejovati, and haridra this powder should be rubbed on teeth .It allays bleeding ,itching, pain.(cakaraDATTD56/12)

In dantavesta after removal of blood paste of lodhra ,pattanga ,madhuka,and laksa mixed with honey shouled be applied to the wound.(cakradatta55/18)

In sausira after blood letting paste of lodhra musta and rasanjana mixed with honey shouled be applied in addition to the gargle with k sirivrksa (cakradatta55/20)

Women diseases:-

In eight month by taking lodhra in equal parts should be pounded and applied as paste in the vagina by this it become normal.(b.p.ci70/12)

In eight month by taking lodhra ,pippali and honey mixed together with milk foetal movement becomes nomal.(h.s.3-50.5)

Visita yogas

Acc.to Bhaishajya Rantavali

→ Candana sava

→ Dasamularista

→ Pippalyasavam

→ Sariba dyasavam

→ U seera savam

→ pushyanuga churna

→ Sidha Nagarjuna vartri

→ Arimedadi Tailam

→ Candana savam

→ Tiritadi Kashaya

Acc to Basava Rajiyam

→ Rodhradi Kashayam

→ Kustadi churna

→ Tiladi Gandusham

→ pistajambuka lepam

→ utpaladi Yogam

→ Lajjalukadi kashaya

→ Trikatu Kadyanjanam

Acc to Chakra da Ha

→ Varnaka ghrta

→ Kussthadi churna

→ Lodhradi lepa

→ Lodhradi taila

→ Lakshadi Tailam

→ vakuladi Tailam

→ Brhat khadira vatika

→ Ankob vataka

→ Nyagroda chrna

→ Nagajunanjana

Acc to charaka Samhita

→ Maha Padmaka Taila

→ Dhatakyadi Tailam

→ Hriberadi Tailem

→ Kanakarista

→ Abhayarista

→ Madhvasavam

→ Tri Kantakadi sneham

→ Tejahavadi churam

→ Kalaka churna

→ Mahanila Taila

Acc to Susrutha Samhita

→ Tilvaka Ghrita

→ Ropana Tailum

→ Ropana Churna

Acc to Sarangadhara Samhita

→ Kumari asavam

→Gangadhara churnam

→Kutajastaka churnum

→Dhatayakyadi kashyum

→Nyagradadi kashaya

Acc to astanga sangarata

→ Kutaja phanitam

Acc to sahasra yagam

→ Rechana ghrita

Acc to yoga ratna kara

→Laksha rasa

Part used

The useful part of lodhra us bark

Matra

1-4masha (acc to bhava prakasa)

Churna – 1-3grams

Decoction-50-100ml

As astrintgent

In ½ drachum dose

Kashaya-1 pala

Asava-1ounce

Ghrita- 1tula

CHEMICAL COMPOSTION

ACC to Indian Materia medica

The bark having apinkish colour contains the following alkaloids

1.Loturine – present in large quantity 0.24 pc.

2.Colluturine – 0.02 %

3.Loturidine – 0.06 %

Quinovin or kinovin ash which contains carbonate of soda , a large quantity of colouring matles but no tannis spath showed that loutrine was identical

ACC to J.L.N Sastry

Bark contains alkaloids upto 0.32 % which mainly consist of three alkaloids namely

Loturine – 0.24 %

Loturine – 0.06 %

Collutrine – 0.02 %

Among them first and third constituent are of crystalline form and remaing second principle is non-crystaline form ,or amorphous dilute acid solution of the alkaloids are with dark violet blue colour flourescene . In addition ,the bark contains ample quantity colour mattes

Botanical Discription

A small ever green tree, bark thick ,spongy leaves ,glarous ,coriaceous, elliptic- lancedate,obscurely crenate,blade 4-6 petiole ½ -2/3 in flowers yellow fragrant in simple hairy axillury more or less laxracemes ,pedicles as long as calyx tube,stamen about 100 , fruits cylindric nearly ½ in long.

Distribution of the plant : -

Himalyan region ,north-east India, kumanon region,east wards to Assam & Chotanagapur upper Burma Andaman Islands and in China.

Research : -

ØSymposide and(-) epifzelechin showed antifibrinolytic activity (ind.J.chem 28B,982,1989)

ØGlyconsiders from s.spicate showed spasmolytic activity ad curare like activity [ Ind.J.pharmacol 15.p349-352,1983]

ØAlpha spinasterol isolated from the sembark of s.spicate showed significan activity against acute inflammation induced by Carrageenin inrats was more potent than phenlbutazone but less potent than beta methsone [Ind.J.Pharmacoz p1-3,1983]

ØSpinasterol obtained from s.spicata at a dose of 25mglkg exhibited significant s.spicant anti-inflmmatory activity [J.Res Ay & siddha 7:146,1986 ]

ØS.racemosa and piper cubeba togther administerl to patients suffering from spermatorrhoca (N=30) have shown significant improvement in a clinical study (kabiraj T.K, 1989)

ØIt is proved to be very effective in the management of svetpradara in clinical study [ Jain T. 1989 }

ØIn another clinical study the utility of lodhra in the management of menorrhagea (Sharma 1988 )

Bibliography

S.NO	NAME OF THE BOOK	AUTHOR	PUBLISHED BY	PLACE	YEAR
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